Carboxylic hydrophilic urunigi rwagura DMBA na DMPA.

Ijambo ry'ibanze

Mu gukora polyurethane ikomoka mu mazi, aside ya karubonike nka anionic hydrophilic yagura urunigi ni ubwoko bwa aside ya karubonike hamwe na diol, yakoreshejwe cyane muburyo budasanzwe bwa molekile no gukora neza.
Ubwoko bwa aside ya Carboxylic yagura cyane cyane aside 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic aside (DMPA) na aside 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric (DMBA).Nibintu byinshi bidasanzwe bifunze diol molekile hamwe na hydroxyl hamwe na carboxyl matsinda.Nyuma yo kutabogama hamwe na alkali, itsinda rya acide yubusa irashobora kunoza cyane imbaraga zo gukama amazi cyangwa gukwirakwiza imikorere ya resin;Amatsinda ya polar yatangijwe kugirango atezimbere ibifuniko hamwe nibiranga irangi rya fibre synthique;Ongera alkali solubilité ya coating.Irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwa elegitoronike polyurethane, gushiramo amazi ya alkyd resin na polyester resin, epoxy ester coating, polyurethane elastomer hamwe nifu ya powder.
Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubikoresho bya chimique yimpu, kristu yamazi, wino, inyongeramusaruro yimiti hamwe n imiti ifata imiti, cyane cyane mugukora amazi ya emulion polyurethane hamwe nibikoresho byo kurangiza uruhu.Ntabwo ari urunigi rwagutse gusa, ahubwo ni n'umuti mwiza wo kwigana poliurethane, ushobora kuzamura cyane ituze ryamavuta ya polyurethane, bityo arakoreshwa cyane.

Ibyiza byo Gukoresha Dihydroxymethyl Carboxylic Acide

Amavuta yo kwisiga ya polyurethane asanzwe yinjiza hydrophilique mumurongo wa molekile ya polyurethane, hanyuma ikabangikanya na alkali kugirango ikore umunyu, hanyuma ikwirakwiza mumazi ya deionion ikoresheje imashini ikoresheje amavuta yo kwisiga ya polyurethane.
Hariho ubwoko butatu bwibikoresho bya hydrophilique bikoreshwa muri polyurethane yo mu mazi: anionic, cationic na non-ionic.Ubwoko bwa anionic burimo cyane cyane: 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic aside, 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric aside, aside tartaric, butanediol sulfonate, sodium etylenediamineethanesulfonate, glycerol na anhydride yumugabo;Ubwoko bwa cationic burimo cyane cyane: methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, nibindi;Ubwoko butari ionic burimo hydroxyl yarangije okiside polyethylene.
Ibiri muri hydrophilique idafite ionic nka oxyde polyethylene igomba kuba ndende cyane kugirango ikwirakwizwa rihamye.Amazi ya polyurethane yamazi akozwe muri hydroxyl polyoxyethylene ether nkitsinda rya hydrophilique rifite imbaraga zo kurwanya electrolyte, ariko amazi ya firime arakennye cyane, ntabwo rero ari ngirakamaro;
Cationic hydrophilic agent, nka etylenediamine sodium acrylate yongeweho, nkibintu bivangwa na hydrophilique, bituma sisitemu yose ikora alkaline.Ntabwo habaho igisubizo cyihuse hagati ya - NH2 itsinda na - NCO, ariko nanone ni reaction hagati ya - NCO na - nhcoo.Kubwibyo, reaction iragoye kugenzura kandi byoroshye gel.Byongeye kandi, amavuta yo kwisiga yateguwe afite uduce duto cyane kandi adashobora guhangana na firime, bityo ntishobora gukoreshwa mu nganda;
Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acide muburyo bwa anionic irimo amatsinda abiri ya hydroxyl kandi ikora no kwagura urunigi.Uru ruhare rwibintu bibiri rutanga kwerekana ibyiza byinshi mugutegura kwigana amavuta yo kwisiga.Mugihe cyo guhuza karbamate, ituma sisitemu ya reaction iba aside.Mugihe cya acide, reaction hagati ya - NCO na - Oh iroroshye, mugihe - nhcoo - ntabwo yitabira reaction kandi ntabwo izatera gel.Byongeye kandi, aside ya dimethylol carboxylic nayo ikora nk'iyagura urunigi, ku buryo itsinda rya hydrophilique (ni ukuvuga itsinda rya carboxyl) riri mu gice cy’urunigi rwa macromolecular.Ukoresheje amine ya gatatu nka agent itabogama, amazi ya polyurethane yo mumazi afite ituze ryiza hamwe namazi meza yo gukora firime hamwe no kurwanya ibishishwa birashobora gutegurwa.Dihydroxymethyl acide carboxylic nisoko nziza ya hydrophilique ikoreshwa cyane mugutegura amazi ya polyurethane yo mu mazi.

2,2-Dihydroxymethylpropionic Acide (DMPA) Na 2,2-Dihydroxymethylbutyric Acide (DMBA)

Mu bwoko bubiri bwa Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acide, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acide yakoreshejwe igihe kinini kandi ni umugozi wa hydrophilique waguka cyane muri iki gihe.Nubwo ifite ibyiza byinshi, ifite ningaruka nyinshi, cyane cyane kubera aho yashonga cyane (180-185 ℃), bigoye gushyushya no gushonga, bisaba ko hongerwaho umusemburo kama nka N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), n N-dimethylamide (DMF), acetone, nibindi, mugihe NMP ifite aho itetse cyane, bigoye kuyikuramo nyuma yo gutegura APU.Byongeye kandi, DMPA ifite solubilité nkeya muri acetone, kandi umubare munini wa acetone ugomba kongerwaho mugikorwa cya synthesis.Gahunda yo gukuraho ketone ntabwo isesagura ingufu gusa ahubwo izana ingaruka zumutekano.Kubwibyo, gukoresha aside 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic aside ntabwo ari byinshi mu gukoresha ingufu gusa, ahubwo biroroshye no gutera ibisigazwa kama mubicuruzwa.
Ugereranije na 2,2-dihydroxymethyl protionic aside, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric aside ifite ibyiza bikurikira:
1. Ifite igisubizo cyiza mumashanyarazi kama.Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana amakuru ya solubilité ya DMBA na DMPA mubushyuhe butandukanye hamwe na solve;
Ibisubizo bya DMBA na DMPA mubushyuhe butandukanye hamwe na solve:

Gukemura: igice: g / 100g
Gukemura mumazi: 48% kuri DMBA na 12% kuri DMPA.

2. Umuvuduko mwinshi, umuvuduko wihuse hamwe nubushyuhe buke.Kurugero, igihe cyo kwitabira cyo guhuza polyurethane prepolymer ni kigufi, mubisanzwe iminota 50-60 gusa, mugihe DMPA ifata iminota 150-180;
3. Ikoreshwa mumavuta yo kwisiga ya polyurethane yo mumazi afite ubunini buke no gukwirakwiza;
4. Ahantu ho gushonga, 108-114 ℃;
5. Ubwinshi bwimikorere irashobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ryumuti, bityo bikagabanya ibiciro byumuti no gutunganya imyanda;
6. Irashobora gukoreshwa mugutegura burundu sisitemu ya polyurethane na polyester;
Muburyo bwa synthesis nyayo, ntabwo ikeneye kurya ibishishwa byose.Amavuta yo kwisiga yakozwe afite imikorere myiza nubukorikori buhebuje bwa firime, ntibigabanya gusa igihe cyo kubyitwaramo, bigabanya gukoresha ingufu, ariko kandi bizigama ingufu.Kubwibyo, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric aside ni hydrophilique izwi cyane.